As mentioned above, Chandrayaan-1 made a number of discoveries and findings on its trip to the moon. One of the most important findings of the Chandrayaan-1 was the direct evidence of water on the surface of moon. The evidence was found as water-ice concentrate near the polar regions of the Moon and it was found by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper on the Chandrayaan-1. There were a number of instruments placed on the Chandrayaan-1, the second was the Mini-Synthetic Aperture Radar (Mini-SAR) that also found water-ice deposits in the craters on the far side of the Moon. The third instrument was the Indian Moon Impact Probe (MIP) which identified the signature of water in the lunar exosphere. No doubt, Chandrayaan-1’s mission was successful and its successor, the Chandrayaan-2 is hoping to find more than the first probe. Chandrayaan-2 will be unmanned mission and it cost Rs 603-crore, the probe is expected to launch on July 15 if everything went according to plan. Chandrayaan-2 carries a lander along with a rover more than Chandrayaan-1 and weighs 3,890 kg. It will be launched with the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) MkIII.
The lander on top of the Chandrayaan-2 will land on the lunar surface and unload the Rover to the Moon. The Rover will then take measurements from the surface of the Moon while the Orbiter will continue to orbit around the Moon. It should be noted that the mission life of orbiter is 1 year and it is capable of communicating with the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) at Byalalu, Karnataka as well as the Vikram Lander. The lander and the rover are expected to touch down at a site 600km from the lunar South Pole. The rover, 25 kgs of weight carries two instruments, a Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) and an Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS). This mission is expected to provide us with a map of the topology of the Moon.
